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Short-term effects of whole-tree harvesting on understory plant species diversity and cover in two Norway spruce sites in southern Norway

机译:整棵树收获对挪威南部两个挪威云杉地区林下植物物种多样性和覆盖的短期影响

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摘要

Effects of clear-cut harvesting on ground vegetation plant species diversity and their cover are investigated at two Norway spruce sites in southern Norway, differing in climate and topography. Experimental plots at these two sites were either harvested conventionally (stem-only harvesting) or whole trees including crowns, twigs and branches were removed (whole-tree harvesting), leaving residue piles on the ground for some months. We compare the number of plant species in different groups and their cover sums before and after harvesting, and between the different treatments, using non-parametric statistical tests. An overall loss of ground vegetation biodiversity is induced by harvesting and there is a shift in cover of dominant species, with negative effects for bryophytes and dwarf shrubs and an increase of graminoid cover. Differences between the two harvesting methods at both sites were mainly due to the residue piles assembled during whole-tree harvesting and the physical damage made during the harvesting of residues in these piles. The presence of the residue piles had a clear negative impact on both species numbers and cover. Pile residue harvesting on unfrozen and snow-free soil caused more damage to the forest floor in the steep terrain at the western site compared to the eastern site.
机译:在挪威南部的两个挪威云杉站点(气候和地形各异),研究了明确收获对地面植被植物物种多样性及其覆盖的影响。在这两个地点的实验地块要么按常规方式收获(仅茎收集),要么去除包括树冠,树枝和树枝在内的整棵树(整树收获),在地面上残留残渣达数月之久。我们使用非参数统计检验比较了不同组中植物种类的数量及其收获前后,不同处理之间的植物覆盖总数。收获导致地面植被生物多样性的总体丧失,优势种的覆盖率发生了变化,对苔藓植物和矮灌木丛产生了负面影响,并增加了类蠕虫的覆盖率。两种地点的两种采伐方法之间的差异主要是由于整树采伐过程中组装的残渣堆以及这些残渣的采伐过程中造成的物理损坏。残留物堆的存在对物种数量和覆盖率都有明显的负面影响。与东部站点相比,在西部站点的陡峭地形上,在未结冰且无雪的土壤上收集桩渣对森林地面造成的破坏更大。

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